Author : Muhammad Qadeer Aslam, Ameed Ul Hassan Alvi, Esha Sajjad, Mehran Ahmad, Muhammad Farooq, Noor Fatima, Seemab Hussnain

It has been noticed that energy crises all over the world is formidable problem, which need to be addressed and solved. Perovskite material is promising materials for clean energy production. In experimental study, lanthanum (La) Chromium (Cr) co-doped bismuth ferrites (BiFO3) were synthesized using sol-gel auto-combustion technique and manifold characterization techniques e.g., XRD, SEM, UV-Visible, and IV. A scanning electron microscope is used to examine morphology of sample. Creation of perovskite structure in the sample made using the sol-gel process was investigated by X-ray diffraction patterns. Result of XRD confirmed rhombohedral structure having R3̅c space-group. The crystalline size of synthesized nano particles exist between (11-18) nm. The agglomerated nano particles was examine by SEM analysis. The band gap of pure and doped BFO were studied by UV-visible spectroscopy. The ultraviolet visible absorption spectra were used to show that La-Cr co-doped was increase light absorption rate of film and decrease optical band gap. The decreased band gap can make easier the transport of carriers. Electrical properties were studied through four probe method and showed good conductivity increased by La-Cr with co-doping in the BiFeO3. The aim of this study is to gain high power conversion efficiency, narrow band gap, high remnant polarization and photovoltaic effects by production La-Cr BiFeO3 perovskite compound annealing at different temperatures i.e., 500 °C, 600 °C, and 700 °C. The photoelectric current and photoelectric polarization were tried to increase with different composition ratios.

Keywords: Perovskite solar cell, Power conversion efficiency, Annealed La-Cr co-doped BiFeO3, Sol-gel auto-combustion technique.