Author : Gagandeep Singh Theti, Rupesh J. Yadav, Kiran More and Ashish S. Utage

The emissions from the internal combustion engine are a major threat to the environment and thus needs to be controlled and kept a close watch on. India has decided to jump directly to BS VI after BS IV leapfrogging BS V. This paper mentions a few methods by which the target can be achieved and newer and better methods to achieve BS VI target. The changes that can be made to meet the stringent norms are either in the engine architecture, air handling system, after-treatment devices etc. But a sure shot method for the conversion of existing engines is still not present and is a major gap in the study and requires immediate attention.

Keywords: Bharat Stage (BS) norms, ECM (Engine control module), VGT (Variable geometry turbo), Swirl ratio (SR), DLLA (sac type) and DSLA (sac less type), LNT (lean NOX trap), cDPF (catalytic diesel particle filter)