Author : Himasekhar Sai B.V

Functionally gradient materials (FGM) are innovative materials in which final properties varies gradually with
dimensions. It is the recent development in traditional composite materials which retains their strengths and
eliminates their weaknesses. It can be formed by varying chemical composition, microstructure or design attributes
from one end to other as per requirement. This feature allows FGM to have best material properties in required
quantities only where it is needed. In this study, an overview of fabrication processes, area of application, some recent research studies and the need to focus more research effort on improving the most promising FGM fabrication method (solid freeform SFF and Friction Stir Welding) is presented. Improving the performance of SFF and Friction Stir Processing processes and extensive studies on material characterization on components produced will go a long way in bringing down the manufacturing cost of FGM and increase productivity in this regard.

Keywords: Applications of FGM, Functionally graded material, Material characterization of FGM, Processing
technique of FGM

Article published in International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, Vol.8, No.1 (Jan/Feb 2018)