Author : Jaspreet Kaur and Prabhpreet Kaur

Neural networks are those information processing systems, which are built and performed to design the human brain. The main objective of the neural network research is to evolve a computational device for representing the brain to perform various evaluating tasks at a faster rate than the traditional systems. Neural networks are latest method of programming computers. Several programs that utilize neural nets are also proficient Neural networks have appeared in the past few years as an area of different opportunity for research area, development and application to a variety of real world problems because of their rapid feedback and parallel architecture. Artificial neural networks perform various tasks such as pattern-matching and classification, optimization function and data clustering. These tasks are very difficult for traditional for implementation of artificial neural networks, high-speed digital computers are used, which makes the simulation if neural processes feasible. This paper provides a broad overview of the wide array of artificial neural networks, some of the most commonly network architecture and various learning processes currently in use in research. Also concisely describes several applications of it.

Keywords: Biological neuron, artificial neuron, Neural network architecture, Activation function, Learning process, Hebbian rule, Back-propagation algorithm

Article published in International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, Vol.8, No.4 (July/Aug 2018)